Having entered the Christmas season, we ask those who find the work of the Mystagogy Resource Center beneficial to them to help us continue our work with a generous financial gift as you are able. As an incentive, we are offering the following booklet.

In 1909 the German philosopher Arthur Drews wrote a book called "The Myth of Christ", which New Testament scholar Bart D. Ehrman has called "arguably the most influential mythicist book ever produced," arguing that Jesus Christ never existed and was simply a myth influenced by more ancient myths. The reason this book was so influential was because Vladimir Lenin read it and was convinced that Jesus never existed, thus justifying his actions in promoting atheism and suppressing the Orthodox Church in the Soviet Union. Moreover, the ideologues of the Third Reich would go on to implement the views of Drews to create a new "Aryan religion," viewing Jesus as an Aryan figure fighting against Jewish materialism. 

Due to the tremendous influence of this book in his time, George Florovsky viewed the arguments presented therein as very weak and easily refutable, which led him to write a refutation of this text which was published in Russian by the YMCA Press in Paris in 1929. This apologetic brochure titled "Did Christ Live? Historical Evidence of Christ" was one of the first texts of his published to promote his Neopatristic Synthesis, bringing the patristic heritage to modern historical and cultural conditions. With the revival of these views among some in our time, this text is as relevant today as it was when it was written. 

Never before published in English, it is now available for anyone who donates at least $20 to the Mystagogy Resource Center upon request (please specify in your donation that you want the book). Thank you.



December 9, 2021

The 11th Century Chapel of Saint Anna, known as "Panagiopoula", in Northern Epirus


At the foot of Mali i Gjerë, or Platyvouniou, at the exact location southwest of the Byzantine settlement of Koukoulia, there is a remarkable chapel dedicated to Saint Anna, the mother of the Theotokos.

A Byzantine structure unknown to many, dominates intact within the other ruins of the ancient Greek and later Byzantine village, since the beginning of the 11th century AD.

This particular Christian church was for many years - according to the testimonies of locals - the main church and the ossuary of this city. Its construction is different from the well-known Byzantine, with the direction of the sanctuary facing the South. There is also a small vault with porphyry and plinth above the interior door, which can be compared to relatively early Byzantine Christian monuments.

The dimensions of the church are only 4.5 x 2.9 meters, but its construction on the edge of the cliff of Koukoulia gives the visitor an impressive and dynamic view. However, the chapel to this day retains an enigmatic history, which in turn has created various hypotheses and conjectures about the role it played in the present ancient settlement. Some claim that it was built by a schismatic monk, while others assume that it was simply a small church in the village.

As for its name, the chapel is usually called "Panagiopoula" by the locals, due to the comparison with a nearby Chapel of the Life-Giving Spring (known as Panagia). Most likely, however, the name is also related to the ecclesiastical history which states that the mother of the Theotokos was Saint Anna.

It is noteworthy that only in Dervitsani there is a church dedicated to Saint Anna and nowhere else in Northern Epirus.

We should mention an important testimony which is closely related to an ecclesiastical issue of the region. Local Dervishes say that during the reign of Ahmet Zogu in Albania, representatives of the Albanian king sent a Catholic priest to the village to liturgize according to the manner of the Roman Catholic Church. As a pretext for this action, was the observation of the architectural structure of "Panagiopoula" by some Italians. Because the church does not have a distinct Byzantine style of construction, they argued that the locals should return to their Roman Catholic tradition.

They sent a Roman Catholic priest in a carriage from the area of Korytsa to officiate at the central sanctuary of Dervitsani. Their specific endeavor was avoided by the intervention of the elder of the village as well as the then priest Evangelos Krassas. These two guardians of the Orthodox traditions did not hesitate to warn all the inhabitants of the village to not attend a service cut off from their roots. Thus they helped preserve the Orthodox legacy of the region.
 







 
 

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